Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World Essay -- History, Mong

The kiss of peace Mongolica, also known as the Mongol Peace and Pax Tatarica, was brought up at the end of the snip of Mongols conquests. Western Scholars designated the fourteenth ampere-second as the Pax Mongolica. The Pax Mongolica contributed to the development of a new global culture because the Mongol Khans pursued peaceful treat and diplomacy (220). The bubonic chivvy epidemic of the 1300s led to the destruction of the Mongol Empire because of the deaths it caused also, the plague had demoralized the living and deprived the Mongol Golden Family of its primary source of support by cutting off trade and tribute (247).The unsuccessful attack of Japan and Java is what caused Khubilai Khan to realize that the transport of food through ship is cheaper and more effective than by land route. The attack also educated the Mongols about shipbuilding. The Mongols used peaceful pursuits of trade when their military efforts were unsuccessful (223). The duration of conquering time for t he Mongols had ended, and now it was time for the era of peace. Instead of sending mounted warriors and fearsome siege engines, the Mongols now had humble priests, scholars, and ambassadors (220). The Mongols promoted trade along the routes across the empire and spread shelters with supplies every twenty or thirty miles (220,221). The stations had animals and guides to give the merchants guidance through tough terrain. In the system of shares, of all the goods confiscated in war, the members of the Golden Family, each orphan and widow was designated to a share of the wealth of each part of the empire. The Mongol officials received goods instead of being paid money, and they could sell or trade the goods to the market for money and other merchandise.The Pax Mongolia... ...s misused their common material interest to overcome the political fault diving them, while giving up political unity they had conserved a combined cultural and commercial empire. The connection that the Mongol Em pire relied on was the quick and constant motion of people, goods, and breeding around the empire.In conclusion the Pax Mongolica contributed to the new global culture by promotion trade, having galore(postnominal) technological innovations, and by influencing the aspects of the economic life. The decline of the Pax Mongolica was due to religious intolerance, the bubonic and the bubonic plague. The decline of the Pax Mongolica also caused a decline of trade. The plague had a devastating impact on many forms of the Mongolian empire, the trade routes were shut down, and the fear of getting the plague caused civilizations to be completely segregated from each other.

The Chi Omega Greek Theater and The Theater of Dionysus :: Architecture Compare contrast Essays

The Chi Omega classical Theater and The Theater of Dionysus The Chi Omega Greek Theater was constructed as a gift to the University commemorating ChiOmegas founding in 1895. It is the only United States structure of its kind and it was designed to be almost a replica of the planetary house of Dionysus at the Acropolis. The theater is used on the campus today for plays, pep rallies, and meetings. It is accessible to students, faculty, members of the community and acts as a constant reminder of the Greek Systems support of the school. The Greek Theater is not well known throughout the country, however it is a site of pride in Fayetteville. It stands for both the unity within the sorority and the monument to the goddess Demeter who support civilized life. The first use of the theater was in 1930, when a play was performed telling the story of Demeter and Persephone. The theater of Dionysus stands at the foot of the acropolis and its date originates back to the sixth Century, B.C.. Its originally wood seats rise in tiers above one another against the slope of the acropolis, creating a natural setting for the plays (Dooge, 231). The Greek Theater was create to house a drama which, during the festivals of Dionysus, had evolved from the long tradition of choral hymns which were presented distributively year. As Greek culture changed and flourished, entertainment transformed from being a serial of choral chanting and dancing to placing an emphasis on the impostor. As the actors importance grew, there became a need for a stage from which they could be seen by each of the fourteen thousand spectators the theater housed. The chorus was still a very active part of the entertainment and they resided in the orchestra (Norwich, 64). The orchestra was the oldest part of the Greek theater and thus, when the actor was givenmore emphasis, the chorus was still regarded very highly.

Leukemia Essay -- Health Medical Cancer

LeukemiaLeukemia is a disease that affects blood-forming tissues, mainly bone marrow. Leukemia excessively affects the lymph glands and spleen. Leukemia causes the body to produce an extreme amount of abnormal vacuous blood cells. This causes infections because the abnormal cells cannot stop infections like the normal cells do. Leukemia also causes anemia. Anemia is a disease in which the body makes less blood cells. This happens because the leukemic cells crowd the system. Leukemia also causes excessive bleeding. This happens because the amount of platelets will decrease and clotting will not occur, Researchers think a change in ingredienttic structure causes leukemia. Changes in gene structure could be caused by environmental problems. Some of these problems could be birth defects, radiation, viruses, and chemicals. Leukemia is not inherited and is not contagious. There are two major types of Leukemia, lymphocytic and Granulocytic. In Lymphocytic Leukemia white blood cells known as Lymphocytes, which are made in the Lymph glands and bone marrow are abnormal or immature. In Granulocytic Leukemia this causes an increase in white blood cells known as granulocytes. Granulocytes are made in the bone marrow, and other tissue. Granulocytes that are affected by leukemia cannot fight of infections. There are two ways in which leukemia can occur. One is acute, and the other is chronic. Acute leukemia is found most in children. It progresses r...

Essay --

Coca-Colas MissionOur roadmap stars with our mission, which is enduring, it declares our purpose as a partnership and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions (Coca-Cola Co). To refresh the worldTo inspire moments of optimism and felicitousnessTo create value and make a difference. Coca-Colas VisionOur vision serves as the framework for our roadmap and guides every aspect of our business by describing what we need to gain in order to continue achieving sustainable, quality growth (Coca-Cola Co). People- Provide a working environment where people are inspired to be the bestPortfolio- sue consumers needs and desires through a portfolio of quality beverage brandsPartners- Create a team of customers and suppliers where together we create a lasting partnership. Planet- Help build and die hard sustainable communities.Profit- Maximize long-term return to shareowners. I.SummaryAn Atlanta Pharmacist, Dr. John S. Pemberton, created Coca-Cola in 1866 (Coca C ola Co). The company grew to be todays largest non-alcoholic beverage company with operations all over the world. The company strives to make the best work environment for its employees and for its suppliers to follow the same form of conduct. Fortune magazine has named them 4th almost Admired Company, while they rank within the top 50 of most diverse companies. They battle for consumers with PepsiCo, another leading non-alcoholic beverage company. To face similarities between the two companies products, Coca-Cola does a great job of marketing its beverages to all sorts of demographics by changing the flavors and size of its containers. On top of that they are becoming a greener company by trying to reduce their ecolo... ...tners and our suppliers to avoid causing, or contributing to, adverse human rights impacts as a result of business actions and to address such impacts when they occur. Furthermore, our Company, bottling partners, and suppliers are in addition responsible for preventing or mitigating adverse human rights impacts directly linked to their operations, products or services by their business relationships (Coca-Cola Co). F.Cultural Environment Coca- Cola has many plants positioned roughly the world. Because of this, they must be sensitive to the cultural needs of their employees and consumers. The brand of Coca-Cola is seen by consumers as a product that brings families together for celebrations. The company also wishes others to view them as respecting individuals + valuing differences + representing our consumers and the markets we do business= Diversity (Coca-Cola Co).

To Kill A Mockingbird Essays: Great Courage -- Kill Mockingbird essays

Courage in To Kill A Mockingbird   Courage is shown in spite of appearance the characters of To Kill A Mockingbird in several situations.  The characters are challenged to face danger or pain without fear.  The courage they display gives them strength and deepens their self-understanding as the novel progresses.     Early in the novel, Scout illustrates the courage she embodies.  On her first day of school, Scout acts as an ambassador for the entire class.  She takes the duty of informing Miss Caroline of Walter Cunninghams situation.  Miss Caroline had just scolded Scout for her ability to read, however, Scout still feels the classes need for leadership.  Most children at her age would fear speaking to the teacher is such a unmingled fashion.  Scout shows advanced maturity for her age, and this allows her to successfully act upon her courage, rather than suppressing its existence.  Walter Cunningham, himself, was shy and fearful of spea king to the teacher.  Scout over came the petty fears that plagued the remainder of the class, and acted out of Walters top hat interest.  Her courage spoke in Walters absence, and inability to express his monetary situation.   Jem is faced with a courageous situation in regards to the Radley house.  His courage stems from fear of receiving a alert from Atticus, and more important, his disapproval.  Jem is willing to risk his life in order to save his father from showing disappointment.  The threat of Mr. Radley waiting for the intruder with his gun instils fear within Jem.  However, Jem overcomes this fear in order to sustain Atticus faith.  Being the only and eldest son places pressure upon Jem to set an e... ...re you begin but you begin anyway and you bring down it through no matter what.  You rarely win, but sometimes you do. (112).  Within all the examples of courage there is not a situation when the courage did not stem from a need within the character.  Courage is the inner desire to succeed and to do what is righteous, no matter what humiliation or consequences that plague you because of your decision.  Scout, Jem, Atticus, Calpurnia and Mrs. Dubose tacit the risks they faced but continued with their actions because it was moral.  They did not all enter their personal situation expecting to win.  Scout still faced further scolding from Miss Caroline.  Jem last told his father what he had done to the Radleys.  There were winners and losers but they do not regret the courage they showed for the sake of good intentions. 

Out of Kansas :: Personal Narrative Papers

Out of Kansas I find it on the high bookshelfMaus A Survivors Tale. Ive heard about it. Its about the Holocaust. Mice play the Jews, and cats play the German Nazis. I understand it already. Cats are predators to mice. Thats easy enough. I start reading. The close people are pigs. Wait a minute, I dont get it. Why are they pigs? Im getting confused. I inadequacy to give up. Instead, I pick it up and start again.We begin as moody troubleshooters we see a puzzle piece that doesnt fitwe both chop off a corner or throw the thing away. What is a stereotype besides a way of grouping things in align to understand them in a complete and perfectly organized way? To say that something didnt fit would be an admission that we are unsure of the gentleman we are living ina frightening thought. Further, we are often conditioned through art to recognize these stereotypes without thought and to react identically as a communitya means of creating and controlling an ideal society. Theater theo rist and playwright Bertolt Brecht says of European theater, It is well known that contact between consultation and stage is normally made on the basis of empathy (136). The goal is often to make audiences identify with the characters and the stories so that they will reach a natural enounce of controlled catharsis at the end. Many audiences have thus learned to expect and enjoy such a style.Audiences seek art that will pick them up and pull them along for the entire ride. Underground curious, illustrator, and magazine editor Art Spiegelman meets that desire in his novel-sized comic Maus. Spiegelman describes his work The goal was to get people lamentable forward, to get my eye and thought organized enough so that one could relatively, seamlessly, be able to become absorbed in the narrative (Jun 10). A report card that absorbs the audience into its own unslowing whirlwind sounds a lot like Brechts description of the cathartic theater of control. However, Spiegelmans works haven t always had the comparable goal. In his early career, the question that motivated his art was, How many obstacles could you put in somebodys path before the reader just caved in and couldnt handle it anymore? (Juno, 8). The goal was to stilt catharsisto kill it in its tracks in order to provoke active thought. I read his 1972 comic strip Skinless Perkins.

Out of Kansas :: Personal Narrative Papers

Out of Kansas I find it on the high bookshelfMaus A Survivors Tale. Ive heard about it. Its about the Holocaust. Mice play the Jews, and cats play the German Nazis. I understand it already. Cats are predators to mice. Thats easy enough. I start reading. The Polish people are pigs. deferment a minute, I dont get it. Why are they pigs? Im getting confused. I want to give up. Instead, I crash it up and start again.We begin as moody troubleshooters we see a puzzle piece that doesnt fitwe either chop off a corner or throw the thing away. What is a stereotype besides a way of grouping things in order to understand them in a complete and perfectly organized way? To say that something didnt fit would be an admission that we are unsure of the world we are living ina frightening musical theme. Further, we are often conditioned through art to recognize these stereotypes without thought and to react identically as a communitya means of creating and controlling an ideal society. Theater t heorist and playwright Bertolt Brecht says of European theater, It is well known that contact between audience and stage is normally do on the basis of empathy (136). The goal is often to make audiences identify with the characters and the stories so that they will reach a natural state of controlled catharsis at the end. some audiences have thus learned to expect and enjoy such a style.Audiences seek art that will pick them up and pull them along for the built-in ride. Underground comic, illustrator, and magazine editor Art Spiegelman meets that desire in his novel-sized comic Maus. Spiegelman describes his work The goal was to get people moving forward, to get my eye and thought organized enough so that one could relatively, seamlessly, be able to become absorbed in the narrative (Jun 10). A story that absorbs the audience into its own unslowing whirlwind sounds a lot like Brechts description of the cathartic theater of control. However, Spiegelmans works havent always had the same goal. In his early career, the wonder that motivated his art was, How many obstacles could you put in somebodys path before the reader just caved in and couldnt handle it anymore? (Juno, 8). The goal was to stilt catharsisto kill it in its tracks in order to provoke active thought. I read his 1972 comic strip Skinless Perkins.

Gender-Related Issues Essay

Many people specify that the difference betwixt awake and awakeual activity gleam innate differences between men and women. I believed however, that these 2 concepts be more than a creation of society than biology. To begin, I shall discuss the key concepts of sexuality and sexual urge. The failure to define radical terms precisely has created much of the confusion everywhere the concepts of sexual urge and sexuality. Hence, we must establish a clear meaning for each term.From birth until death, hu cosmos feelings, thoughts, and actions reflect social definitions of the sexes. Children quickly learn that their society defines females and males as different kinds of human beings and, by about the age of three or four, they begin to apply gender standards to themselves (Kohlberg cited in Lengermann & Wallace, 2005). Sociologists define gender as the significance a society attaches to biologic categories of female and male which we often refer as sex (Weeks,2006).Thus, sex is a biological distinction that develops prior to birth while gender are the human traits linked by culture to each sex that guides how females and males think about themselves, how they interact with others, and what positions they occupy in society as a whole. Hence, gender is non synonymous with sex as scholars use the word sex to refer to attributes of men and women created by their biological characteristics and gender to refer to the distinctive qualities of men and women (or masculinity and femininity) that are culturally created (Epstein, 1998).Sexuality on the other hand, covers gender identity, sexual orientation, and actual practices, as well as ones acceptance of these aspects of ones personality, which whitethorn be more important than their specifics (Beasley, 2005). By gender identity we mean an individuals own feeling of whether she or he is a woman or a man, or a girl or a boy (Kessler and McKenna, 1998). Sexual orientation is the manner in which people expe rience sexual arousal and achieve sexual pleasure. For closely living things, sexuality is biologically programmed.In humans, however, sexual orientation is bound up in the complex web of cultural attitudes and rules. A well cognize psychologist, Sigmund Freud (1985) assumed that biology is destiny and that kidren learn their gender by observing whether they cast off a penis or a vagina. But modern experience has shown that the situation is somewhat more complicated. The development of gender identity occurs during a critical period of every childs socialization. There is a clock before which the child is too young to have a gender identity and after which whatever gender identity has developed cannot be changed (Kessler and McKenna, 2002). nigh of the evidence in support of this conclusion comes from studies of children who were assigned to the wrong gender in infancy. In all cases in which adults attempt to change the childs gender identity after the age of three, the indivi dual either retains her/his original gender identity or becomes extremely confused and ambivalent (Kimmel, 2000). sexual urge and sexuality guides how females and males think about themselves. It is evident throughout the social world, shaping how we think about ourselves, guiding our interaction with others, and influencing our make water and family life (Adams, & Savran, 2002).Gender is at browse in our societys expectations for us as well as our aspirations for ourselves. Different and unequal sex roles have long been a part of westsidebound culture. In the United States and most other western countries, social positions involving leadership, power, decision making, and interacting with the larger world have traditionally gone to men. Positions centering around dependency, family concerns, child care, and self-adornment have traditionally gone to women. except, these unequal sex roles mean that men and women are expected to behave differently in a number of situations (Lorb er, 2000).Gender and sexuality deals not only with difference but in addition with power. Gender and sexuality affects who makes decisions in families as well as in politics, it shapes patterns of income, and it influences who gains opportunities in the workplace. handle class, race, and ethnicity, in that locationfore, gender and sexuality is a major dimension of social inequality (Lorber, 2000). This inequality, which has historically favored males, is no simple matter of biological differences between the deuce sexes. Males and females do differ biologically, of course, but these variations are complex and inconsistent.Nevertheless, the deeply rooted cultural notion of male superiority may seem so rude(a) that we assume it is the inevitable consequence of sex itself. Hence, many societies have yet to fully eliminate either distinct sex roles or gender inequality. Thus, as was stated earlier, gender roles, as they exist in the United Kingdom and many other nations, are not jus t different they are also unequal. Whether you consider power, income, occupational status, research, and even access to health and quality of health care, men in the United Kingdom are an advantaged group compared to womenPeople may assume that gender and sexuality simply reflects biological differences between females and males. But there is no superior sex. Beyond the primary and secondary sex characteristics, men have more muscle in the arms and shoulders, and the average man can lift more weight than the average woman can. Furthermore, the typical man has greater strength over short periods of time. Yet, women do better than men in some tests of long-term endurance because they can draw on the pushing derived from grater body fat.Women also outperform men in life itself as the average life expectancy for males is 72. years, while females can expect to live 79. 0 years (Alsop, Fitzsimons & Lennon, 2002). Moreover, researchers have launch that adolescent males exhibit greater mathematical ability, while adolescent females outperform males in verbal skills. But there is no difference in overall intelligence between females and males (Maccoby & Jacklin, 1994 Baker et al. , 1990 Lengermann & Wallace, 2005). When scholars ask why people are treated differently because of their gender or sexuality, biological explanations often come up first.To a causal observer it seems obvious that men are stronger than women and are less tied to the internal because they do not bear children. We need only to accept this simple biological truth to understand why societies assign different roles to women (Beasley,1999). Thus, sociologist Desmond Morris (1986) argued that gender and sexuality developed proto(prenominal) in human evolution, when apes began hunting. The females were busy rearing the young to be able too play major roles in chasing and catching prey, he wrote. They maintained the home base, where the young were reared and the gains of the hunt shared.Once this division of labor was established, it was maintained throughout human evolution. These biological arguments often anger sociologists, who, as noted earlier, have found that gender and sexuality are culturally conditioned rather than biologically determined. For example, the British sociologist Ann Oakley (1994) contends that attempts to explain gender stratification on the basis of analogies to nonhuman societies are fallacious. Worse still, they are used to justify a view of women in which their confinement to domestic roles is validated by an image of Mrs.Pregnant-or- Nursing Ape, waiting appreciatively with a cooking pot in her hand for the return of Mr. Hunting Ape with this spoil.Mr. Hunting Ape then kept the home fires burning, just as women are expected or encouraged to do today, long after such a division of roles has ceased to be necessary. In a thorough round of some(prenominal) biological and sociological evidence on differences between the sexes, neurophysiologist Ru th Bleier (1994) evaluated research on the question of whether womens hormones establish brain functions that make them more emotional than men, or more intuitive, or less aggressive, or less skilled at mathematics.Even though many biologists and some sociologists suggest that there are clear differences between the sexes in these traits. Bleier found that whatever characteristic is being measured, the range of variation is far greater among males or among females than between the two sexes. For example, the difference between tennis champion Martina Navratilova and the average woman playing tennis at the country club is much greater than the difference between most male and female tennis players.Biologically, then, females and males have limited differences, with neither sex naturally superior. Nevertheless, the deep-rooted cultural notion of male superiority may seem so natural that we assume it proceeds inevitably from sex itself. But society, much more than biology is at work h ere, as the orbicular variability of gender attests. Neurophysiologists and other medical researchers often draw sociological conclusions from their findings.They begin by seeking evidence to challenge or support biological hypotheses and end by pointing to such factors as culture, role behavior, and socialization as the most persuasive explanations for gender and sexuality differences. Further, researchers investigating the roots of gender and sexuality were drawn to collective settlements in Israel called kibbutzim. The kibbutz (the singular form) is important for gender and sexuality research because its members historically have embraced social equality, with men and women sharing in both work and decision making.There, people have deliberately organized themselves to give females and males comparable social standing. In the kibbutz, both sexes perform a range of work including child care, building repair, cooking, and cleaning. Boys and girls are raised in the same way and, fr om the first weeks of life, live in dormitories under the care of specially trained personnel. To members of kibbutzim, then, gender and sexuality is defined as irrelevant to much of everyday life. But here, again, we find reason for caution about completely discounting any biological forces. roughly observers note that women in the kibbutzim have resisted spending much of the day away from their own children more generally, many of these collections have returned to more traditional social roles over the years. But even if this is so-and this research has its critics-the kibbutzim certainly stand as evidence of wide cultural latitude in defining what is feminine and masculine. They also play how, through conscious efforts, a society can pursue sexual equality just as it can encourage the domination of one sex by the other.Hence, sociologists wonder if subtle but persistent biological dispositions may undermine efforts at gender equality (Tiger & Shepher, 2005). Even if this were s o, the kibbutzim clearly show that cultures have wide latitude in defining what is feminine and masculine. They also exemplify how, through conscious efforts, a society can promote sexual equality. some other way to determine whether gender and sexuality reflect social constructs or biological givens is to take a global view of how the two sexes interact in many societies.To the extent that gender reflects the biological facts of sex, the human traits defined as feminine and masculine should be the same everywhere to the extent that gender is cultural, these conceptions should set out (Brod & Kaufman, 2004). The best-known research of this kind is a classic study of gender in three societies of New Guinea by anthropologist Margaret Mead. Trekking high into the mountains of New Guinea, Mead discovered men and women of the Arapesh, with remarkably similar attitudes and behavior.Both sexes, she reported, were cooperative and sensitive to others in short, what our culture would term feminine. Moving south, Mead then studied the Mundugumor, who found females and males to be similar however, the Mundugumor culture of head hunting and cannibalism stood in striking contrasts to the gentle ways of the Arapesh. Both sexes were typically selfish and aggressive, traits we define as more masculine. Finally, traveling west to observe the Tchambuli, Mead discovered a culture that, like our own, defined females and males differently.Yet the Tchambuli reversed many of our notions of gender, raising females to be dominant and rational, while males were taught to be submissive, emotional, and nurturing toward children. From this equality , Mead concluded, first , that culture determines the extent to which the sexes differ and, second , what one culture defines as masculine may be considered feminine by the other . Further she noted that societies can exaggerate or minimize social distinctions based on sex. Meads research, therefore, supports the conclusion that gender i s a variable creation of society.

Pros & Cons of Television Essay

Nowadays television plays an important role in everyones bearing. By being the source of information, it provides an endless entertainment for the whole family units. As a result, every family now owns a television and television is now becoming a very useful device for every family. So, in this situation we should conjecture that there many advantages and disadvantages in watching television. And this is the time to discuss the advantages first.Firstly, the television brings us news from all over the being through local T.V channels and satellites T. V channels about political happenings, social events, festivals, sports news and weather forecasting. There argon also many programs showing the beauties and sceneries in the world that we throw out see and enjoy without spending money travelling there. Furthermore, television can be considered as a source for the students to improve their subject experience and general knowledge. There are several channels which provide many prog rams that can help students in their studies.Read more Advantages of television es offerEspecially, students who are doing science as a subject they can gather more knowledge by watching Discovery Channel, National Geographic Channel and more. As we all know in science there many more things which are very difficult to see the processes with our naked eyes. Such as Amoebas, life cycle of bacteria, and behavior of viruses. However, because of the television now students can see those processes just by watching television. Thus it can help them to improve their studies. For housewives and elderly pot those who most of the times stay at home the television, in fact, their best friend and their best company.As well as, the programs designed to teach children like benni Street are useful for kids English knowledge that shows vocabulary, simple mathematics, science history and arts. Such learnings are ideal for kids who are in early childhood. For the endue we have considered the advan tages of the television. Now lets discuss about the disadvantages of television.Because of the television, social problems such as educational and health regarding to teenagers, are becoming worse. These were exposed by a research done lately that teenagers in most of countries are addicted to television programs. As a result of this addiction that teenagers are employ to forget their studies and neglect homeworks. As instance, this kind of issues were recorded specially so during Sirasa Super Star reality television program which have been telecasted on Saturdays and Sundays. Students extra a view of time by concentrating on that T. V show instead of studying.As side effect of this, in 2005 O/L and A/L results have been reduced. Similarly that they are dillying-dallying in front of the television teenagers are come up with health issues like adipose and defects of vision. These kinds of social problems would run short worse issues in future. Another bad issue of watching televi sion is that some of the programs which are carrying bad scenes are not being filtered. Therefore this can be affected to the growing age of the teenagers as their minds are not really matured. Withal, most of the teenagers love to experience new adventure things and to imitate topnotch heroes like superman, spider man and etc.Therefore, sometimes, many of the teenagers come up with fateful disasters. As instances, in by-gone times, few deads were recorded because of imitating superman by kids and also lot of teenagers experiencing dangerous narcotics. When looking the main reasons of these circumstances are that programs being telecasted by television. As well as, the reasons for crimes done by teenagers are also the films which were shown in television as crime, barbarian films, robbery cases, murder cases, drug dealing and smuggling films.As example, lately, a student who was in America shot his colleges and his lecturers with a particle accelerator in his own collage. Finally, that student also committed to suicide by himself. For these tragics, to distort his mind, television have strictly affected to him. At last we should say that television brings more advantages and more disadvantages for human beings. Though, in one perish as we appreciate one of our of information and communication source, in other hand we should be responsible that the parents should also supervise their children to control them from watching unnecessary things from the television.

Gilgamesh Essay Paper

English 3, 4 7 October 2012 The Quest for Immortality In the heroic of Gilgamesh translated by N. K. Sanders, Gilgamesh completes a series of many challenges and obstacles, fulfilling the conditions of an archetypal quest story. In order to fulfill an archetypal quest story, the hero or protagonist moldiness complete a series of hurdles, on their way toward achieving their goal. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh hunts for his main obsession, immortality, while he battles off monsters, with the help of some friends.Sensing Gilgamesh embraces too some(prenominal) power, the gods create a friend for Gilgamesh named Enkidu in the hopes of lessening Gilgameshs power. Enkidu and Gilgamesh turn out to be best friends after Enkidu loses a wrestling match to Gilgamesh. Enkidu decides to totality Gilgamesh on his expedition to seek immortality. Along the way the way they encounter enemies such as Humbaba, the guardian of the forest, and the Bull of Heaven. With the help of Enkidu, Gilgam esh travels a relentless journey and faces a road of trials, which carries out an archetypal quest story.Gilgamesh and Enkidu come across the guardian of the forest named Humbaba. Believing that Humbaba is undefeatable, Gilgamesh thinks that whoever slays Humbaba will receive immortality. Gilgamesh and Enkidu attack Humbaba with a stab of the sword to the neck and Enkidu his comrade struck the second blow (22). With one more strike to the belly, Humbaba falls. Hoping to achieve everlasting life, they realize that defeating Humbaba does not give them complete(a) life. Instead, it gives them eternal fame.Still unsatisfied, with not having found everlasting life, Gilgamesh tells his companion that the boat of the dead shall not go down (20) and is determined that he will never die. The attached challenge Gilgamesh faces is the Bull of Heaven, sent by Ishtars dad, Anu. Ishtar is the goddess of love who builds advances on Gilgamesh, wanting to marry him. Gilgamesh is wise and realize s Ishtar is the woman as a temptress and knows she treats her husbands poorly. Ishtar is a distraction and will pull him away from his goal.When Gilgamesh rejects her advances, Anu directs the Bull of Heaven to attack Gilgameshs homeland, Uruk. Gilgamesh and Enkidu easily kill the Bull of Heaven which enrages the gods when they hear that the bull is dead. The gods make Enkidu become terribly ill, which kills him seven days later in a very painful death. Seeing his friend die, Gilgamesh obtains apotheosis and continues on his expedition of pursuance immortality. Gilgamesh encounters Utnapishtim, a man who survives the great flood and receives immortality.Utnapishtim gives Gilgamesh eclectic tasks to achieve eternal life. The first task is to stay awake for seven days, which Gilgamesh is unable to accomplish. Feeling sorry, Utnapishtim tells Gilgamesh a secret that if he finds the plant that grows under the water it restores his lost youth (31). Gilgamesh lights up and ties rocks to his feet to sink down to search for the marvelous plant. Gilgamesh finds the ultimate boon. He is overjoy and eager to bring the plant back to his homeland to restore the youth of all the men there.The refusal of the pass occurs when, he was returning home and becomes careless and bathes in a nearby well of cool water, leaving the plant unattended. A snake suddenly appears and eats the plant, restoring the snakes youth. Gilgamesh begins to weep upon seeing that he failed in his quest for immortality. Gilgamesh returns back to his homeland, Uruk, and engraves his story on a stone for everyone to see and remember. In conclusion, the Epic of Gilgamesh executes the qualities of an archetypal quest story by Gilgamesh dismissal on a trip to find immortality while performing the road of trials.The hero generally wishes to achieve a goal or object and return home with it, in this case, eternal life. The protagonist also might lose a few things he loves an example is how Gilgamesh lost his best friend, Enkidu. Gilgamesh also had to clamber off enemies such as Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven, while searching for his obsession. From the departure, the initiation, and to the return of his journey, made the Epic of Gilgamesh an archetypal quest story.

Research Study on Organizational Commitment Essay

IntroductionOrganizational perpetration is an organizational members psychological connection or feeling of belongingness to the organization denotation Edu15 l 1033 (Educational entre). This commitment to an organization creates a feeling of passionate affection inside a stakeholder of an organization, creating a desire for that / those individual(s) to do anything necessary for the organization to succeed. Organizational commitment is an indispensably huge role that determines whether a stakeholder allow for remain at the organization ordainingly, if given a choice. This is a determining(prenominal) as to whether this individual will produce at the top of his skill index to ensure that the organization moves much closer, or in the direction of its goals. consort to the three- comp superstarnt model (TCM), the organizational commitment is made up of three unique components. These ar affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment.Affective commitment enc ompasses the love for your c atomic number 18er or job. This happens when one has a strong feeling of emotional attachment to their organization or connection, and zealously works to promote the interests of that organization. These mickle have internalized the organizations values, vision and goals, and have a sincere feeling of wanting to work for the organization for a longer period character Min151 l 1033 (Mind Tools). This happens when the employee is happy at their workplace. There atomic number 18 factors that will normally kick down to this affection. Some of the reasons include freedom of thought and innovation, appreciably good salary, bump employee terms among other(a) things that could make employees feel that they are important and are valued by their employer. Whatever these reasons are, this affection is imperative to the organizational success.Hypothesis Employees who are treated in a respectful flair in an ethics based organization are more likely to be happ ier than employees that belong to a profit oriented organization.Continuous commitment is an express fear of loss. This kind of commitment comes by when employees measures up the advantages and disadvantages of being at the organization compared to their exit CITATION Min151 l 1033 (Mind Tools). This comes as a result of a realization that staying at your current position in your company has better terms or benefits than exit the company. For instance, if one wanted to move from one company or organization, they will not only consider monetary benefits, but a number of other parameters. These parameters include employee terms of welfare, available position of responsibility within the new organization, among other benefits one stands to lose or gain. Another reason could be totally unrelated to profession one could be attached to their friends at the organization, that moving from the organization is a risk of breaking these bonds. The relentlessness of the continuance commitment increases with advance of age and professional responsibility. Those who are so advanced in both of these factors will feel a certain kind of inertial force that merely allows them to leave.Hypothesis People who have successively progressed up the ladder within an organization, and / or age feel the severity of continuance commitment the most.Normative freight is the sense of obligation that one feels for an organization. Some people feel that it is the right thing to do, for them to belong to the organization they do belong to. This sense of belongingness gives even when one is not happy with their position. They are often held back from pursuing even better opportunities CITATION Min151 l 1033 (Mind Tools). This feeling could arise from an array of reasons. A nifty example is a son working at their fathers firm, He will get a kind of virtual family pressure to press out the burdens of the organization in order to make it prospering. Even if there existed better opportunitie s, this son will turn them down for the sake of keeping their parents happy. Another scenario that could occur is when a wife works for an organization within a region. The job she does could only be offered by only her current company within the unhurt region or even country. Due to her domestic responsibilities, she cannot leave to pursue her career interests in another region of the country. This sense of obligation could drain the company of energy because normally, there is no zeal to work, but one will only perform at an average.Hypothesis more married people will tend to work for a certain firm on a normative commitment basis than the single professionals. every the above forms of commitment are segments of organizational employee response due to certain organizational behaviors. The underlying fact is that employees have their personal needs, and will tend to place these interests first. When these interests are well provided for, the employees will automatically feel appre ciated and will tend to happily offer service to the organization. As it has been stressed before, happy employees make more productive and successful companies CITATION And14 l 1033 (Oswald, Proto, & Sgroi, 2014). On a practical scale, companies like Google have benefited from employee first approach. The company has invested a lot in employee support and satisfaction mend allowing for imagination, creativity and innovation CITATION Kel14 l 1033 (Parkes-Harrison-Warwick, 2014).Some companies have got it right while others are yet to get it right. We carried a research into the various aspects that contribute to this phenomenon of organizational commitment. We use different techniques to measure or research into different Organizational behavior, including self-reporting scales, behavioral observation and organizational records analysis such as carrying out appraisal forms, time card data, absenteeism rates, productivity indicesIn this research, we use the self-reporting scales. S elf-report study involves use of questionnaires, surveys or polls that let respondents respond to questions in a manner the respondents choose. This kind of survey is focused on extracting information from participants about their attitudes, feelings and beliefs on certain topics. It could be a form of interview, provision of answers to open and closed questions, paygrade scales, fixed choice questions among others.Reliability on these methods is dependent upon their consistence in providing similar results if used repeatedly in similar circumstances. Validity of the response is also a matter of concern. Especially for questionnaires, respondents may or may not give accurate or sincere answers to certain questions depending on the parameters provided. For example, Anonymous questionnaires or response forms are more likely to produce valid answers.In this survey, we carried a survey in which we asked various questions related to the hypotheses stated in within this document. We ado pted the anonymous response questionnaire system to enhance rigor of our research. We asked them to rate different departments, work conditions and parameters. The respondents were to respond to questions regarding the hypotheses. They were requested to rate the questions on four manoeuvre answers Strongly agree, Agree, strongly disagree, and agree. Our respondents were 30 employees of different organizations.Results We set ourselves to find out the validity of three hypotheses regarding the tenets of organizational commitment. These hypotheses stated as followHypothesis 1 Employees who feel appreciated are happy and are more likely to be affectively committed to an organizationHypothesis 2 older employees and those who get promoted are likely to stay within an organization out of continuance commitmentHypothesis 3 most married people are normatively committed to organizations.The validity of our hypotheses had some concurrence with our respondents. However, what the survey dis qualified is the sense of promotion as a determining factor to employee continuance commitment. Instead, the people who got promoted in organizations were the productive slam of the organization. This means that they felt a conviction to work for the organization. Such people were comfortably placed within the category of affective commitment.Conclusion The survey conducted was successfully concluded and in our finding, hypothesis 1 was completely valid as most people agree with it. Hypothesis 2 produced mixed reactions. Most agreed that older people were committed to the organization due to continuance commitment. Hypothesis 3 was completely valid as most people agreed with this hypothesis. All respondents had their reasons, as evident on their additional comments, including fear of family strain and divorce for the third hypothesis.References BIBLIOGRAPHY l 1033 Educational Portal. (n.d.). Organizational Commitment Definition, Theory & Types. Retrieved January 28, 2015, from E ducational Portal http//education-portal.com/academy/lesson/organizational-commitment-definition-theory-types.htmlMind Tools. (n.d.). The Three Component Model of Commitment. Retrieved January 28, 2015, from Mind Tools http//www.mindtools.com/pages/article/three-component-model-commitment.htmOswald, A. J., Proto, E., & Sgroi, a. D. (2014, february 10). Happiness and Productivity. Retrieved January 28, 2015, from http//www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/eproto/workingpapers/happinessproductivity.pdfParkes-Harrison-Warwick, K. (2014, March 21). Google is right We work better when were happy. Retrieved jaanuary 28, 2015, from futurity.org http//www.futurity.org/work-better-happy/Source document